Citation Style Guides: APA Citation Style

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This blog is the official companion to the APA Publication Manual. A group of APA experts publish weekly posts about writing, publishing, and APA style. The "Best of" posts are particularly useful.

General Guidelines

• Your list of references should begin on a separate page with the title "References" and appear at the end of your paper.
• Arrange entries alphabetically, using the last name of the author. If no author is given, alphabetize by the title, eliminating any initial A, An, or The.
• Begin each entry at the left margin. If the information requires more than one line, indent the following lines one-half inch from the left margin.
• Double-space within each entry, and between each entry.
• Follow carefully the punctuation, underlining, and capitalization in the examples. Note that the sixth edition of the APA Publication Manual calls for only one space after a period or colon.

Book with one author:

Author's last name, A. A. (date of publication). Title italicized. Publishing company.

Example:

Krier, L. (2009). Drawing for architecture. MIT.

_______________________________________________________________________

Book with two authors:

First author's last name, A.A., & Second author's last name, B.B. (date of publication).

      Title italicized. Publishing company.

Example:

Harmon, S. K., & Kennon, K. E. (2008). The codes guidebook for interiors.

      John Wiley & Sons.

_______________________________________________________________________

Book with an editor:

Editor's last name, A. A. (Ed.). (Publication date). Title italicized.

      Publishing company.

Example

Newland, J. N. (Ed.). (1992). Johnson, Kaufmann, Coate: Partners in the California

      style. Scripps College.

_______________________________________________________________________

Article or chapter in an edited book: This also includes essays and short stories in anthologies.

Author's last name, A.A. (Publication date). Title of entry. In Editor's First initial Middle initial Last

      name (Ed.), Title of the book (page numbers). Publishing company.

Example:

Orwell, G. (1994). Such, such were the joys. In P. Lopate (Ed.), The art of the personal essay: An

      anthology from the classical era to the present (pp. 268-302). Anchor-Doubleday.

_______________________________________________________________________

Entry in an online dictionary, encyclopedia or thesaurus  

Group Author. (Publication year). The entry term. In Title of reference work. Retrieval date and URL.    

Example:

American Psychological Association. (n.d.). Just-world hypothesis. In APA dictionary of psychology. Retrieved January 18, 2020,

        from https://dictionary.apa.org/just-world-hypothesis

_______________________________________________________________________

Entry in a print dictionary, encyclopedia or thesaurus

Author last name, A. A. (year). Entry term. In title of book (edition, page number for entry). Publisher.

Example:

Wilson, K. M., & Margolis, N. (2004). Dowry. In Women in the middle ages : An encyclopedia (vol. 1, p. 264). Greenwood Press.

_______________________________________________________________________

 Article from a newspaper:

Author's last name, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of article in lower case. Name of Newspaper in Italics.

      page number(s). Or URL (not page numbers) if a digital source.

Examples:

Brownstein, R. (2004, May 2). Presidential campaigns may play cameo role.

      Los Angeles Times, pp. A1, A26.

Carey, B. (2019, March 22). Can we get better at forgetting? The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/22/health/memory-

      forgetting-psychology.html

_______________________________________________________________________

Article from a Woodbury database:

Author last name, A. A., Author last name, B. B., & Author last name, C. C. (year). Article title in lower case. Periodical title italicized, volume (issue), page numbers. URL

Example:

Cava, M., Tomás, I., Buelga, S., & Carrascosa, L. (2020). Loneliness, depressive mood and cyberbullying victimization in adolescent victims of cyber dating violence. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 4269. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124269

_____________________________________________________________________

Article from a magazine:

Author's last name, A. A. (Year, Month Day of publication). Title of article.

      Title of Magazine in Italics, page numbers.URL (not page numbers) if a digital source.

Examples:

Mezrich, B. (2003, May). To live and die in L.A. Wired, 11(5), 131-135.

Schulman, M. (2019, September 9). Superfans: A love story. The New Yorker. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/09/16/superfans-a-     

     love-story

_______________________________________________________________________

Webpage:

Author's last name, A. A. (Date of page). Title of the web page. Title of the website.

      Retrieved Month Day, Year, from complete URL with no period at the end

Example:

Matthews, K. (2008). W.E. Oliver House. Great buildings online. Retrieved

      November 5, 2009, from http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/W._E._Oliver_House.html

More website citation examples

 _______________________________________________________________________

Please visit https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/references/examples or pages 313 - 352 of the APA Publication

Manual (7th edition) for more detailed information concerning electronic resources.